慢性髓系白血病中let-7a-3甲基化态势及其临床意义

目的：探讨慢性髓系白血病（CM L ）患者中let‐7a‐3启动子的甲基化态势及其临床意义。方法建立实时定量甲基化特异性PCR （RQ‐MSP）分别检测25例对照者及52例CML患者骨髓单个核细胞中let‐7a‐3启动子未甲基化水平。结果52例CM L患者未甲基化let‐7a‐3启动子（59．6％）为阳性,而对照组仅1例（4％）阳性,两组比较差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．01）。ROC曲线分析表明,let‐7a‐3启动子未甲基化作为辅助诊断CM L有较好的特异性。未甲基化let‐7a‐3启动子水平与BCR／ABL融合基因转录水平呈显著正相关（ r＝0．641,P＝0．001）,但与患者的白细胞、血小板计数及血红蛋白水平无明显相关性（ P＞0．05）。在慢性期和加速期let‐7a‐3未甲基化水平显著高于急变期。结论 let‐7a‐3基因低甲基化水平随疾病进展而降低。     

肝切除术联合术中胆道镜治疗17例肝内胆管结石的疗效分析

目的：探讨肝切除术联合术中胆道镜治疗肝内胆管结石的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析该院肝胆外科2005～2014年行肝切除术联合术中胆道镜治疗肝内胆管结石17例患者的临床资料,根据肝内胆管结石的分布,其中左外叶6例,左半肝5例,右肝第Ⅵ段3例,第Ⅶ段1例,第Ⅷ段1例,左外叶合并右后叶下段1例。17例患者均采用传统肝叶或肝段切除术（单钳法联合第一肝门阻断技术）,其中左外叶切除6例,左半肝切除5例,右肝第Ⅵ段切除3例,第Ⅶ段切除1例,第Ⅷ段切除1例,左外叶联合右后叶下段切除1例,同时行胆总管切开取石、T管引流附加手术10例,所有患者术中均常规行胆道镜检查。结果17例患者均治愈,无严重并发症,无远期结石复发。结论肝切除术联合术中胆道镜是治疗肝内胆管结石积极、有效、彻底的方法。     

老年患者胃癌根治术丙泊酚靶控浓度与脑电双频指数变化的关系

目的 :探讨老年患者胃癌根治术丙泊酚靶控浓度与脑电双频指数变化的关系。方法 :老年患者胃癌根治术患者120例根据随机数字表法分为治疗组与对照组各60例,所有患者都选择气管插管丙泊酚靶控麻醉,治疗组的靶浓度从0.5μg/m L开始逐级递增,递增梯度为0.5μg/m L;对照组靶浓度从2.0μg/m L开始逐级递增,递增梯度为1.0μg/m L。两组患者都记录了清醒状态时、意识消失时、插管前、插管后1min、插管后3min的脑电双频指数(BIS)、平均动脉压(MAP)和心率(HR)。观察与记录两组患者的丙泊酚效应室浓度与意识消失时丙泊酚诱导总量。结果 :治疗组与对照组的丙泊酚效应室浓度分别为3.14±0.12μg/m L和3.14±0.15μg/m L。治疗组的丙泊酚诱导总量分别为224.84±70.84mg,对照组为248.54±62.01mg,治疗组的丙泊酚诱导总量明显少于对照组。麻醉期间两组的MAP与HR值都呈现明显降低的趋势,不过治疗组插管不同时间点MAP与HR值都高于对照组。两组清醒状态时的BIS值都明显高于其他监测点,而对照组由于丙泊酚用量的增加,BIS下降的幅度更大,组间对比差异都也有统计学意义。结论 :BIS可准确地反应丙泊酚的镇静深度,低剂量丙泊酚靶控输注能有有效保持BIS值稳定与血流动力学稳定,减少丙泊酚诱导总量,保障老年患者胃癌根治术的安全。     

显微耳科手术在无肌松药下瑞芬太尼-丙泊酚全麻疗效

目的：探讨显微耳科手术在无肌松药下瑞芬太尼-丙泊酚全麻疗效。方法：收集我院2011年12月～2014年1月期间进行显微镜下乳突根治术患者共计84例,随机分为无肌松组42例,肌松组42例。两组均给予常规诱导后并气管插管。无肌松组静脉持续输注丙泊酚+瑞芬太尼维持麻醉。肌松组插管后静脉注射维库溴铵0.1mg/kg,持续静脉输注丙泊酚+瑞芬太尼维持麻醉。评价两组患者切皮时（T1）,电钻磨骨时（T2）,拔管后10min （T3）各点肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮水平;同时记录切皮、电钻磨骨、拔管后10min 患者收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）、平均动脉压（MAP）及心率（HR）。结果：无肌松组和肌松组切皮时、电钻磨骨时,各点收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、心率及肾素、血管紧张素Ⅱ、醛固酮水平差异无统计学意义。拔管后各项观察指标差异有统计学意义。无肌松组和肌松组不良反应和并发症分别为（2.7%、5.4%;16.2%、21.6%）,差异有统计学意义。结论：认为舒芬太尼、丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼联合应用可以抑制血浆肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮对血压的波动,用于显微耳科手术效果满意,安全可行。     

中重度原发性痛经患者不同子宫位置与发病情况关系的调查

目的对原发性痛经患者进行子宫位置与发病情况评估,为进一步临床选穴治疗提供基础数据。方法对来自4个临床分中心的368例原发性痛经患者进行调查,调查内容包括基本情况、子宫位置、疼痛程度、伴随症状。结果 368例被调查者中,子宫前位258例(70.11%),中位20例(5.43%),后位90例(24.46%)。对痛经疼痛程度进行分析,中度疼痛者以子宫前位最多;重度疼痛者以子宫后位最多。对痛经伴随症状(出现频次在50%以上的症状)进行分析,不同子宫位置患者均有全身症状(乏力)和精神症状(忧郁),前者高于后者。子宫前位和中位还伴有局部症状(腰背痛、腿痛)和消化症状(食欲不振),而子宫后位者上述局部症状和消化症状不显著。结论子宫位置可能对痛经疼痛程度、痛经伴随症状有影响,且可能与相关经脉脏腑有关系。     

Analysis of transtheoretical model of health behavioral changes in a nutrition intervention study—a continuous time Markov chain model with Bayesian approach

Continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) models are often used to study the progression of chronic diseases in medical research but rarely applied to studies of the process of behavioral change. In studies of interventions to modify behaviors, a widely used psychosocial model is based on the transtheoretical model that often has more than three states (representing stages of change) and conceptually permits all possible instantaneous transitions. Very little attention is given to the study of the relationships between a CTMC model and associated covariates under the framework of transtheoretical model. We developed a Bayesian approach to evaluate the covariate effects on a CTMC model through a log‐linear regression link. A simulation study of this approach showed that model parameters were accurately and precisely estimated. We analyzed an existing data set on stages of change in dietary intake from the Next Step Trial using the proposed method and the generalized multinomial logit model. We found that the generalized multinomial logit model was not suitable for these data because it ignores the unbalanced data structure and temporal correlation between successive measurements. Our analysis not only confirms that the nutrition intervention was effective but also provides information on how the intervention affected the transitions among the stages of change. We found that, compared with the control group, subjects in the intervention group, on average, spent substantively less time in the precontemplation stage and were more/less likely to move from an unhealthy/healthy state to a healthy/unhealthy state. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Comparison of a Web-Based Dietary Assessment Tool with Software for the Evaluation of Dietary Records

Background

Dietary assessment in clinical practice is performed by means of computer support, either in the form of a web-based tool or software. The aim of the paper is to present the results of the comparison of a Slovenian web-based tool with German software for the evaluation of four-day weighted paper-and-pencil-based dietary records (paper-DRs) in pregnant women.

Methods

A volunteer group of pregnant women (n=63) completed paper-DRs. These records were entered by an experienced research dietitian into a web-based application (Open Platform for Clinical Nutrition, OPEN, http://opkp.si/en, Ljubljana, Slovenia) and software application (Prodi 5.7 Expert plus, Nutri-Science, Stuttgart, Germany, 2011). The results for calculated energy intake, as well as 45 macro- and micronutrient intakes, were statistically compared by using the non-parametric Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The cut-off for Spearman’s rho was set at >0.600.

Results

12 nutritional parameters (energy, carbohydrates, fat, protein, water, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, dietary fiber, vitamin C, folic acid, and stearic acid) were in high correlation (>0.800), 18 in moderate (0.600–0.799), 11 in weak correlation (0.400–0.599), while 5 (arachidonic acid, niacin, alpha-linolenic acid, fluoride, total sugars) did not show any statistical correlation.

Conclusion

Comparison of the results of the evaluation of dietary records using a web-based dietary assessment tool with those using software shows that there is a high correlation for energy and macronutrient content.     

南京市鼓楼区居民胆囊疾病与胰岛功能及糖尿病发生风险的研究

目的:探索南京市鼓楼区居民胆囊疾病与胰岛素抵抗?胰岛β细胞功能的关系以及胆囊疾病患者的糖尿病发生风险?方法:对南京市鼓楼区8 180例既往无糖尿病的居民进行问卷调查?体格检查?血样采集?口服糖耐量试验(OGTT)及胰岛素释放试验?分析胆囊疾病各组的特征,比较各组胰岛素抵抗与胰岛β细胞功能指标,分析胆囊疾病患者糖尿病风险?结果:性别?年龄?血压?体重指数(BMI)?腰臀比(WHR)?负荷后血糖?糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)?血脂?肝酶?生活方式及糖尿病发病率在无胆囊疾病?胆囊疾病未手术及胆囊疾病术后3组的分布不同?2组胆囊疾病患者胰岛素敏感性指标胰岛素抵抗(HOMA-IR)?胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)?胰岛素释放指数(INSR120)与无胆囊疾病者的差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)?胆囊疾病手术后糖尿病及代谢综合征风险增加?结论:胆囊疾病在既往无糖尿病史的南京市鼓楼区居民中是胰岛素抵抗的标志,胆囊疾病术后状态是糖尿病的危险因素?